Molding car-wheels.



PATBNTED AUG. 11, 1903.

A. P. Hows. MOLDING GAR WHEELS.

AYPL'IOATIOH FILED BBPT 25, 1902.

H0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES Patented August 11, 1903.

PATENT GEEICE.

NIOLDING CAR-WH EELS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,102, dated August l1', 1903.

Application filed September 25, 1902. Serial No. 124,769. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW F. I-IOWE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Granite City,l\Iadison county,lllinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in lNIolding Car-IVheels, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a plan view with the cope removed; and Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing the relative position of all the parts, as when a car-wheel has been cast.

The object of the invention is to produce a car-wheel in whichV the body portion, comprising the hub and web, shall be of low-carbon steel and in which the tread and a portion of the flange shall be of high-carbon steel' capable of receiving such temper as is desirable in car-wheels, though heretofore unattainable in such wheels as heretofore manuparatus may be used which will accomplish the desired end, though for convenience of illustration there is herewith shown an apparatus in which A is a drag, and'B a cope of ordinary construction, except that both are provided with a central opening, through which is projected a cooling-pipe 2, provided with a surrounding sand core 3, forming a neutralbody capable of conducting heat more slowly from the casting C than if the .casting should be formed in direct contact with said central metal pipe 2.

It is not intended to lchill or case-harden any part of the metal comprising the wheel, but to cast the same in a sand mold or in material lean in carbon, except that the filling (indicated by l in the drawings) shall be a substance rich in carbon and so combined as to conduct heat slowly from the molten metal under normal conditions.

If it were not for the centrally-arranged pipe 2, the casting would cool substantially uniformly, and such carbon as might be absorbed from the filling l would be localized to a great extent, thereby defeating the object of the invention. However, Vto prevent such localization of the recarburizing-supply the pipe 2 is projected through the flask with the sand core 3 fixed thereon to prevent chilling the metal of the hub portion of the wheel, after which the molten metal is poured and lls the matrix in the flask, thereby forming a car-wheel of low-carbon steel. After the wheel is cast and before it has had an opportunity to cool a refrigerant comprising a current of cold liquid or cold air is projected through said pipe 27 which first cools the pipe and then cools core 3. from the cast hub to said core it will draw heat equally in all directions through the web portion of the wheel from the flange and tread portions thereof, when, owing to wellunderstood laws, the carbon from the filling l will be drawn freely into the tread and flange portions of such wheel, and by the time the metal has cooled sufficiently to permit removal thereof from the flask the flange and tread portions will be so thoroughly recarburized as to permit subsequent tempering thereof.

The tempering apparatus forms no part of l As the heat passes IOO casting without case-hardening and recarl moval of the casting from the moldin which it is formed.

I am aWare that minor changes may be made in the apparatus and that the process may be varied slightly Without in the least departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-T 1. The herein-described improvement in the manufacture of iianged car-Wheels which consists in casting the same of a relatively low carbon steel, While contacting With aportion of the flange isa carbonaceous material, the sides of the Wheel being cast in Contact With a non-carbonaceous material and the hub being east around a sand core in which is a cooling-pipe; substantially as described.

2. rlhe herein-described improvement in the manufacture of Wheels, consisting in casting the tread in contact with carbonaceous material While eoolin g means contact With the interior of a core Within the hub; substantially as described.

3. The herein-described improvement in the manufacture of Wheels, consisting in casting the body portion of the Wheel in a noncarbonaceous material and the tread against a carbonaceous material and subjecting the hub to a coolin in'fiuence passing through a sand core therein aboutwhich it is cast; substantially as described.

4. The herein-described improvement in the manufacture of wheels, consisting of casting a unitary structure in which the perimeter is formed in contact witha carbonaeeous material and the central portion cast upon a non-metallic core which is rapidly cooled While the perimeter is in such contact by cooling means passing through said core; substantially as described. f

5.' The herein-described process of manufacturing car-wheels comprising, preparing the mold With a material high in carbon to contact with the tread and a portion of the iiange of a ear-wheel, and a material lean in carbon to contact with the web and hub portion, next inserting through the hub portion a conduit lin a non-earbonaeeous core, next pouring the molten metal, next passing a refrigerant through said conduit and lFinally removing the Wheel from the mold; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature, in the presence of two Witnesses,

this 23d day of September, 1902.

ANDREW F. HOWE.

lVitnesses:

F. H. GIBBS, GEORGE BAKEWELL. 

